Magnetodynamic speaker: component of the loudspeakers


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What is a magnetodynamic speaker, features and operating modes, loudspeakers and sets of speakers connected together.


Definition of loudspeaker

The speaker can also be defined as being an electroacoustic transducer that has the task of converting an electrical signal into sound waves.

In the case of the magnetodynamic speaker, which is among the most widespread, the electrical signal after being amplified is transmitted to a coil placed inside a magnetic field which transforms the electrical signals received into an electromagnetic force capable of moving a membrane to generate sound waves by vibrating the air.


The air gap constitutes the space within which the mobile coil is located and is the only point where the magnetic field must pass through a space in the air.

The mobile crew, on the other hand, is made up of elements set in motion by sound, including the cone and its support.

The sound is generated by the compressions and rarefactions of the air in the listening environment, by means of the movement of the speaker membrane, made of special paper or rubber.


The membrane has the shape of a cone, in the case of the speaker specifically designed for the reproduction of low frequencies, while for the medium and high frequencies the dome shape is used.

Loudspeakers

In hi-fi stereo systems, multi-way speakers are used, generally two or three, commonly called stereo speakers, characterized by at least two speakers each of which specializes in reproducing a search for a frequency range.

Inside the speaker there is a filter, called crossover, which has the task of distributing the frequencies, which make up the sound to be reproduced, between the various speakers, in order to optimize the yield of the frequency response and at the same time protect the speakers with voltage peaks.


There are currently no speakers capable of reproducing all the frequencies of a piece of music with the same sound intensity and in a realistic way.

The main types of speakers are the subwoofer, for the very low frequencies below 100 - 120 Hz, the woofer, for the low frequencies between 100 and 700 hz, the midrange, for the medium frequencies between 700 and 3500 hz and the tweeter for high frequencies from over 3500 hz up to the limit of the range physically audible around 18-20000 hz.

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With the appropriate connection, through the crossover filter, of the various types of speakers mounted inside a loudspeaker, we try to achieve the aim of obtaining the sound reproduction as realistic as possible, with a frequency response close to being linear at the same time. within the range of audible frequencies.

How to Build a Speaker, From Scratch! - Episode 01 (March 2024)


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